Riassunto analitico
The Chinese income inequality in post-Reform and Opening up was a new and hot social problem that are noticed and researched by the economists. Gini coefficient is an important indicator to measure one country’s inequality. There are still some disputes on the real value of Gini coefficient in China in the recent years. Prior to the highly-centralized planned economy period before 1979, China had ever persisted the income distribution system of absolute egalitarianism for long time, leading to widespread poverty and low-efficiency of social production. Since 1978, Deng Xiaoping’s Reform and Opening up has changed the direction of Chinese political guideline from Class Struggle to economic construction. Income distribution reform become a vital component in the whole process of Reform and Opening-up. Despite new reform promoted Chinese economic development successfully, the previous situation of “equality of poverty” was also replaced by more and more income inequality. The gap among urban and rural, among different regions, among different sectors and among different social groups grows quickly. Then, the author employed the dataset of Chinese Household Income Project 2002 based on regression to analyze the influential factors of Chinese income difference and measure the Gini coefficient. At last, the author concludes and discussed the reasons of Chinese inequality and some possible approaches to solve and ease inequality in China, for example the income taxation reform.
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Abstract
The Chinese income inequality in post-Reform and Opening up was a new and hot social problem that are noticed and researched by the economists. Gini coefficient is an important indicator to measure one country’s inequality. There are still some disputes on the real value of Gini coefficient in China in the recent years. Prior to the highly-centralized planned economy period before 1979, China had ever persisted the income distribution system of absolute egalitarianism for long time, leading to widespread poverty and low-efficiency of social production. Since 1978, Deng Xiaoping’s Reform and Opening up has changed the direction of Chinese political guideline from Class Struggle to economic construction. Income distribution reform become a vital component in the whole process of Reform and Opening-up. Despite new reform promoted Chinese economic development successfully, the previous situation of “equality of poverty” was also replaced by more and more income inequality. The gap among urban and rural, among different regions, among different sectors and among different social groups grows quickly. Then, the author employed the dataset of Chinese Household Income Project 2002 based on regression to analyze the influential factors of Chinese income difference and measure the Gini coefficient. At last, the author concludes and discussed the reasons of Chinese inequality and some possible approaches to solve and ease inequality in China, for example the income taxation reform.
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