Riassunto analitico
The rapid evolution of Intelligent Transportation Systems has been paired and boosted by the development of vehicular communication technologies, whose promise is to greatly improve traffic safety, efficiency, and the overall driving experience. In this context, the term "Vehicle-to-Everything" encompasses wireless communications between vehicles and various road entities, including other vehicles, infrastructure, pedestrians, and networks.
One of the most recent and exciting concepts in the field of vehicular networks is represented by Cooperative Awareness. This service aims to enhance safety and efficiency on the roads by enabling situational awareness and coordination among vehicles. This is achieved through the exchange of Cooperative Awareness Messages, which contain information about the position, speed, and other relevant data of the vehicle with nearby vehicles and infrastructure.
In 2023, the European Telecommunications Standards Institute standardized the Cooperative Perception Service, which rests on the collaborative exchange and fusion of sensor data among vehicles and infrastructure. The objective of Cooperative Perception is to achieve a more precise and robust understanding of the surrounding environment by extending the horizon of Connected and Autonomous Vehicles. This sharing of valuable information is made possible through the exchange of the so-called Cooperative Perception Messages.
This thesis addresses the requirements of modern vehicular networks by putting forth a unified approach to Cooperative Perception and Cooperative Awareness messaging in Vehicle-to-Everything communications relying on 5G New Radio technology. The proposed framework integrates both services with the goal of improving the utilization of radio resources while ensuring a high level of awareness among vehicles, thereby still guaranteeing the safety of road users. To this end, extensive simulations have been conducted to evaluate the performance of this novel solution in a variety of traffic scenarios, with a particular emphasis on the optimization of the threshold between channel congestion and environmental awareness.
The thesis first provides a comprehensive overview of 5G New Radio Vehicle-to-Everything Sidelink communications and presents the current state of the art on Cooperative Perception, alongside a brief overview on Cooperative Awareness. Finally, the proposal for a unified message integrating both services is presented, and the results of the simulations are analyzed and discussed.
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