Abstract
In this dissertation is analyzed a specific problem of the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs): the nitrogen’s accumulation at the anode. PEMFCs use a polymer electrolytic membrane for the transfer of H+ ions from the anode to the cathode. Unfortunately, the membrane is also permeable to the nitrogen molecules transported by the air flow inside the cathode. Nitrogen is inert to PEM’s working conditions, so it fills the cavities of the membrane. In this way the H+ ions can’t be transfered to the cathode and the reaction is blocked. In order to avoid this accumulation process, it is necessary to do a purge with a purge valve which can be controlled with different strategies. Some literature researches show that the most efficient purge solutions are those based on hydrogen/nitrogen concentration inside the recirculation channel. In order to apply this strategy an H2/N2 concentration sensor is needed. It seems not to be present in automotive market and Landi Renzo Group wants to design and produce it. In the following dissertion it will be explained the research done in order to find some possible physical principles for hydrogen/nitrogen detection. The best candidates will be critically analyzed, selected and verificated with sperimental tests (Proof of concept). Then an initial work of pre-industrialization and prototyping of the component will be shown.
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